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【读绘本学人文】美国州系列之新泽西州 / U.S. States - New JerseyHS英文绘本课堂


DATE : 3 / 2019 | V: 1231
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【读绘本学人文】美国州系列之新泽西州 / U.S. States - New Jersey

Nature
HS英文绘本课堂

海量英文原版绘本,美国小朋友朗读音频,专业外教教学,小而美的英文课堂,让孩子爱上绘本,爱上英语! 所有课程全部采用美国原版绘本或者美国原版Common Core教科书,外教全部持有美国教师资格证书,让孩子们足不出户走进美国小学课堂...

In this series, Nature will write about every state including its history, culture, geographic features, modern society and other information to give our readers a detailed picture of this vast and beautiful country of America.

在这个系列里,Nature会逐一介绍美国的各个州,包括历史、文化、地理特征、现代社会等信息。目的是给读者一个详细的美国剖析图,让大家更好、更具体地了解这个美丽辽阔的国家。

新泽西州 / New Jersey

The state was named in honor of British colonist George Carteret, whod previously been governor of the Isle of Jersey, a British island in the English Channel, between the United Kingdom and France.

该州的名称是为了纪念英国殖民者乔治·卡特,他曾是位于英国和法国之间的英吉利海峡中泽西岛的州长。


FAST FACTS

NICKNAME: The Garden State

STATEHOOD: 1787; 3rd state

POPULATION: 8,944,469

CAPITAL: Trenton

BIGGEST CITY: Newark

ABBREVIATION: NJ

STATE BIRD: eastern goldfinch

STATE FLOWER: common violet

快速信息总览

昵称:花园之州

州地位:1787年成为美国第3个州

人口:8,944,469

省会:特伦顿

最大城市:纽瓦克

简称:NJ

州鸟:东部金翅雀

州花:野生紫萝兰

(Trenton/特伦顿)

(Newark/纽瓦克)

(eastern goldfinch/东部金翅雀)

common violet/野生紫萝兰)


Flag / 州旗


FUN STUFF / 趣闻


New Jerseys celebrities include U.S. president Grover Cleveland (the only President born in New Jersey), astronaut Buzz Aldrin, author Judy Blume, and performer Frank Sinatra.

来自新泽西的名人有美国前总统格罗弗·克利夫兰(唯一一位来自新泽西的总统)、宇航员巴兹·奥尔德林、作家朱迪·布卢姆和表演艺术家法兰克·辛纳屈。

Grover Cleveland/罗弗·克利夫兰)

Buzz Aldrin/巴兹·奥尔德林)

Frank Sinatra/法兰克·辛纳屈)


Inventor Thomas Edison’s early light bulbs, phonographs, and laboratory equipment are on display at Menlo Park Museum in the town where Edison worked.

门罗公园博物馆中收藏者托马斯·爱迪生早期的灯泡、相片和实验室设备,当时爱迪生就在这个小镇工作。

Menlo Park Museum/门罗公园博物馆)

At Washington Crossing State Park in Trenton, visitors can see where George Washington and his army crossed the Delaware River and launched a successful attack on the Hessians (soldiers fighting for the British army).

在特伦顿的华盛顿渡河国家公园中,游客们可以看到当年乔治·华盛顿和他的军队穿越特拉华河并成功击败黑森兵(英国军队士兵)的地方。

Washington Crossing State Park/华盛顿渡河国家公园)

In the 19th century southern New Jersey remained largely agricultural, while the northern part of the state rapidly industrialized.

十九世纪时,新泽西南部大部分是农业地,而北部则开始经历快速的工业化发展。


HISTORY / 历史


The first people came to the area that’s now New Jersey at least 12,000 years ago. Thousands of years later, Native American tribes including the Lenape, Munsee, and Unalachtigo lived on the land.

最早来到现新泽西地区的人类要追溯至12000年前。千万年后,美洲原著部落生活在这里,例如德拉瓦族、芒塞尔人和阿非阿赫蒂戈族。

Around 1524 Italian explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano became the first European to arrive in the region. Then Swedish, Finnish, and Dutch colonists built settlements and fought over land until England took control of the region in 1664. New Jersey became one of 13 American colonies ruled by the British.

1524年期间,意大利开拓者Giovanni da Verrazzano成为第一位来到该地区的欧洲人。之后,瑞典、芬兰、荷兰殖民者陆续在这里建立了殖民地,互相争夺这里的土地,直到1664年英格兰获得了这里的控制权。新泽西成为了受英国控制的第13个美洲殖民地。

Giovanni da Verrazzano

But eventually the colonists living here wanted independence. This led to the American Revolution, which began in 1775. New Jersey was the site of more Revolutionary War battles than any other state. In 1776 George Washington crossed of the Delaware River into Trenton, New Jersey, where he defeated British forces. The battle was a turning point in the war, as one of the first major military victories in the Revolutionary War. In 1787 New Jersey became the third U.S. state and the first to sign the Bill of Rights.

最终,殖民地的居民想要获得独立,这导致了1775年开始的美国革命。在新泽西发生的战役比其他任何州都要多。1776年,乔治·华盛顿带领士兵们穿越了特拉华河进入新泽西的特伦顿,在那里他击败了英国军队。该战役是整个革命的转折点,是美国革命战争的第一场重要的武装胜利。1787年,新泽西成为美国的第三个州,也是第一个签署人权法案的州。

(乔治·华盛顿穿越特拉华河)


GEOGRAPHY / 地理


New Jersey is bordered by Pennsylvania and New York in the north, Pennsylvania in the west, Delaware and Delaware Bay in the south, the Atlantic Ocean in west, and Long Island (a part of New York) in the east.

新泽西北部与宾夕法尼亚州和纽约州接壤、西部是宾夕法尼亚州与大西洋;南边则有特拉华州和特拉华海湾、东部则是长岛(纽约州的一部分)。

The Atlantic Coastal Plain, which features low hills, pine forests, and salt marshes, sweeps across the southern three-fifths of the state. This area includes the Barrier Islands, which have sandy beaches.

大西洋沿岸平原地区有低矮的山丘、松树林和盐沼,占据了该州南部的五分之三。这里还有海滩绵延的堰洲岛。

Barrier Islands/堰洲岛)

Northeast of the Coastal Plain is the 20-mile-wide Piedmont, where the Hudson, Passaic, Remapo, and Raritan rivers cross. This region has rolling hills and narrow valleys, and it’s where most of the state’s major cities are located.

沿岸平原地区的东北部是宽达20英里的皮德蒙特高原,此处是哈得逊河、帕塞伊克河、拉马波河和拉里坦河交汇处。这片区域有着绵延的山丘和狭窄的河谷,也是该州主要城市的聚集处。

Toward the west is the New England Upland, also called the Highlands. This area has flat-topped rock ridges and many lakes.

向西走是新英格兰高地,也叫做高地区。这里有着平顶的岩石脊和许多湖泊。

The Appalachian Ridge and Valley is a mountainous region in New Jersey’s northwest corner. It includes the Kittatinny Mountains and the Delaware Water Gap, an opening created when the Delaware River cut through the Appalachian mountains millions of years ago.

新泽西州西北角是阿巴拉契亚山脉和山谷区,这里有基塔廷尼山和特拉华河谷,该河谷是几百年前特拉华河流过阿巴拉契亚山脉而形成的。

Kittatinny Mountains/基塔廷尼山)

Delaware Water Gap/特拉华河谷)


WILDLIFE / 野生动植物


New Jersey’s mammals include black bears, bobcats, red foxes, raccoons, and Tuckahoe masked shrews, which are similar to moles. Red-bellied woodpeckers, chickadees, northern cardinals, and American goldfinches are common birds here.

新泽西常见的哺乳动物有黑熊、北美山猫、红狐狸、浣熊和塔卡霍鼩鼱,塔卡霍鼩鼱与鼹鼠类似。这里常见的鸟类则有红腹啄木鸟、美洲山雀、北部主红雀和东部金翅雀。

red fox/红狐狸)

Tuckahoe masked shrew/塔卡霍鼩鼱)

(red-bellied woodpecker/红腹啄木鸟)

chickadee/美洲山雀)

The state’s many trees include sugar maple, American chestnut, flowering dogwood, pitch pine, and American elm. Black-eyed Susans, orange daylilies, Queen Anne’s lace, and violets are some of the wildflowers that grow here.

新泽西州主要的树类有糖枫树、美国栗木、开花山茱萸、北美油松和美国榆树。漫山遍野的野花则有黑眼苏珊花、萱草、安妮女王蕾丝花和紫罗兰。

pitch pine/北美油松)

orange daylilies/萱草)

Queen Anne’s lace/安妮女王蕾丝花)


NATURAL RESOURCES / 自然资源


New Jersey has plenty of granite, sand, and gravel for mining; and is a leader in seafood production, particularly clams harvested off the coast.

新泽西有着大量的花岗岩、沙和砾石矿产。新泽西的海鲜生产也是美国领先,尤其是沿海的蛤蜊产量。

Major Cities / 主要城市

纽瓦克(Newark)

泽西城(Jersey City)

特伦顿(Trenton)

帕特森(Paterson)

伊丽莎白(Elizabeth)

爱迪生(Edison)


Education / 教育


America has one of the best universities in the world. Its crucial for parents to think ahead and research whats the best education you can provide for your children. After all, better higher education is an important stepping stone towards a successful career.

美国拥有世界上一流的大学。父母应该早做准备,研究自己能给孩子提供怎样的高等教育。毕竟优秀的高等教育机构是孩子未来拥有成功事业的踏板。


Top 5 Universities in New Jersey State (2018)

2018年新泽西州前五名大学


1. Princeton University / 普林斯敦大学


2. Rutgers University / 罗格斯大学


3. New Jersey Institute of Technology / 新泽西理工学院


4. Seton Hall University / 薛顿贺尔大学


5. Rowan University / 罗文大学

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